Superalloys are used in high-performance applications in which their enhanced properties can be exploited, as long as it is cost-effective to use them. Examples of the use of superalloys in different applications are listed below:
Medical Devices
Medical devices are considered to be equipment used in the medical industry to support procedures. Nickel superalloys are used in the medical industry for surgical instruments, implants, and hospital equipment. These superalloys are being used as they are hygienic, corrosion-resistant, and have and can produce an excellent surface finish. By using hygienic and corrosion-resistant superalloys, safety can be improved.
Automotive Industry
The automotive industry includes all organizations involved in producing items used in cars, motorbikes, lorries, etc. Superalloys are used for turbochargers, in which their high-temperature performance proves advantageous. The benefit of using superalloys in this application is that the materials can endure the harsh conditions experienced in the turbocharger.
Power Generation
The power generation or energy industry produces energy through nuclear power plants, fossil fuel power plants, wind turbines, solar panels, and hydroelectric dams. Superalloys are used in heat exchangers, gas boilers, steam turbines, gas turbines, and furnaces within the energy industry. Various grades of Inconel® and Incoloy® are used in these applications. The benefit of using superalloys is that they can withstand the hot corrosive environment that these components operate in.
Oil and Gas Industry
The oil and gas industry extracts oil and natural gas out of underground reserves either on land or at sea to produce oils and plastics and to be used as energy. Superalloys are used to manufacture casings and mandrels for drilling. Superalloys are required for this application due to the high pressure and severe corrosion experienced deep below the water's surface. The benefit of using superalloys for this application is that they can resist the corrosion usually caused by the local environment.
Chemical Processing
The chemical processing industry includes organizations and companies that process chemicals on an industrial scale for use in plastics, cosmetics, insecticides, etc. Superalloys are used for components in the processing machines of chemicals, including valves and instruments. Superalloys such as Hastelloy® and Monel® are being used in this industry for their corrosion-resistant properties. Using these materials reduces the corrosion experienced by the instruments used.
Electronics Industry
The electronics industry manufactures electronic components that can be found in laptops, phones, car engine management units, speakers, etc. Superalloys are used in optical and electrical support systems for telescopes and lasers as they have a low coefficient of thermal expansion. This creates dimensional stability and reduces the errors caused by the expansion and movement of components in telescopes.
Military and Defense Industry
The military and defense industry operates hardware such as tanks, jets, and ships to provide national security. Superalloys are desirable for their temperature resistance and high strength, mainly in gas turbine engines used by tanks, jets, and ships. In addition, superalloys offer light weight and environmental resistance—both sought-after properties in this field of higher-performing equipment.
Aerospace Industry
The aerospace industry covers all goods manufactured to be used in airborne vehicles including commercial aircraft, drones, and satellites. Superalloys are used in the aerospace industry to build jet engines in which their high mechanical strength in elevated temperatures can be exploited. The use of high-strength-to-weight-ratio alloys improves the thrust-to-weight ratio performance of modern jet engines. Superalloys are used over composites in turbine applications due to the high temperatures the parts are exposed to.
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